MPLS in Junos
Multi Protocol Label Switching
Here’s a simple setup to understand the basic operation of MPLS. Please refer to the sample configuration of “Static Label Switched Paths” .
The following post explains the basic MPLS operations – Push,Swap and Pop , with a sample traceroute in both directions.
Ingress
root@Ingress# show | no-more
## Last changed: 2011-01-21 00:11:48 UTC
version 10.4R1.9;
system {
host-name Ingress;
root-authentication {
encrypted-password "$1$cYyoUQl.$blO1yJaM39r/7rGw.a8k.1"; ## SECRET-DATA
}
}
interfaces {
ge-0/0/0 {
unit 0 {
family inet {
address 10.20.30.1/24;
}
family mpls;
}
}
ge-0/0/1 {
unit 0 {
family inet {
address 100.1.1.1/30;
}
family mpls;
}
}
}
routing-options {
static {
route 0.0.0.0/0 next-hop 100.1.1.2;
}
}
protocols {
mpls {
traffic-engineering bgp-igp;
traceoptions {
file mplstest;
flag all;
}
static-label-switched-path path1 {
ingress {
next-hop 100.1.1.2;
to 172.16.1.1;
push 1000123;
}
}
static-label-switched-path path2 {
transit 1000222 {
next-hop 10.20.30.5;
pop;
}
}
interface ge-0/0/1.0;
interface ge-0/0/0.0;
}
}
security {
forwarding-options {
family {
mpls {
mode packet-based;
}
}
}
}
[edit]
root@Ingress# run show route
inet.0: 5 destinations, 5 routes (5 active, 0 holddown, 0 hidden)
+ = Active Route, - = Last Active, * = Both
0.0.0.0/0 *[Static/5] 00:00:03
> to 100.1.1.2 via ge-0/0/1.0
10.20.30.1/32 *[Local/0] 00:00:03
Reject
100.1.1.0/30 *[Direct/0] 00:00:03
> via ge-0/0/1.0
100.1.1.1/32 *[Local/0] 00:00:03
Local via ge-0/0/1.0
172.16.1.1/32 *[MPLS/6/1] 00:00:03, metric 0
> to 100.1.1.2 via ge-0/0/1.0, Push 1000123
mpls.0: 3 destinations, 3 routes (3 active, 0 holddown, 0 hidden)
+ = Active Route, - = Last Active, * = Both
0 *[MPLS/0] 00:00:03, metric 1
Receive
1 *[MPLS/0] 00:00:03, metric 1
Receive
2 *[MPLS/0] 00:00:03, metric 1
Receive
[edit]
root@Ingress#
[edit]
root@Ingress# run show mpls static-lsp extensive
Ingress LSPs:
LSPname: path1, To: 172.16.1.1
State: Up
Nexthop: 100.1.1.2 Via ge-0/0/1.0
LabelOperation: Push, Outgoing-label: 1000123
Created: Thu Jan 20 23:17:00 2011
Bandwidth: 0 bps
Statistics: Packets 343, Bytes 19328
Total 1, displayed 1, Up 1, Down 0
Transit LSPs:
LSPname: path2, Incoming-label: 1000222
State: Dn, Sub State: Nexthop interface down or has no family mpls
Nexthop: 10.20.30.5 Via ge-0/0/0.0
LabelOperation: Pop
Created: Fri Jan 21 00:04:05 2011
Bandwidth: 0 bps
Total 1, displayed 1, Up 0, Down 1
Bypass LSPs:
Total 0, displayed 0, Up 0, Down 0
[edit]
root@Ingress# run traceroute 172.16.1.1
traceroute to 172.16.1.1 (172.16.1.1), 30 hops max, 40 byte packets
1 100.1.1.2 (100.1.1.2) 4.251 ms 4.066 ms 3.515 ms
MPLS Label=1000123 CoS=0 TTL=1 S=1
2 200.1.1.1 (200.1.1.1) 4.088 ms 4.038 ms 4.703 ms
MPLS Label=1000456 CoS=0 TTL=1 S=1
3 172.16.1.1 (172.16.1.1) 10.342 ms 4.158 ms 10.461 ms
[edit]
root@Ingress# run traceroute 192.168.1.1
traceroute to 192.168.1.1 (192.168.1.1), 30 hops max, 40 byte packets
1 100.1.1.2 (100.1.1.2) 4.032 ms 9.723 ms 3.827 ms
MPLS Label=1000123 CoS=0 TTL=1 S=1
2 192.168.1.1 (192.168.1.1) 4.586 ms 4.392 ms 4.298 ms
MPLS Label=1000456 CoS=0 TTL=1 S=1
3 192.168.1.100 (192.168.1.100) 3.201 ms 2.647 ms 2.729 ms
4 192.168.1.1 (192.168.1.1) 11.323 ms 4.700 ms 10.164 ms
[edit]
root@Ingress# run traceroute 192.168.1.100
traceroute to 192.168.1.100 (192.168.1.100), 30 hops max, 40 byte packets
1 100.1.1.2 (100.1.1.2) 4.069 ms 4.038 ms 3.863 ms
MPLS Label=1000123 CoS=0 TTL=1 S=1
2 200.1.1.1 (200.1.1.1) 9.844 ms 4.717 ms 17.136 ms
MPLS Label=1000456 CoS=0 TTL=1 S=1
3 192.168.1.100 (192.168.1.100) 4.209 ms 4.038 ms 4.301 ms
[edit]
Transit
root@Transit# show | no-more
## Last changed: 2011-01-21 03:27:36 UTC
version 10.2R3.10;
system {
host-name Transit;
root-authentication {
encrypted-password "$1$uLjcwqNG$Elo7yksUMhtaopeQUj0Uf0"; ## SECRET-DATA
}
}
interfaces {
fe-0/0/0 {
unit 0 {
family inet {
address 100.1.1.2/30;
}
family mpls;
}
}
fe-0/0/1 {
unit 0 {
family inet {
address 200.1.1.2/30;
}
family mpls;
}
}
}
protocols {
mpls {
traffic-engineering bgp-igp;
traceoptions {
file mplstest;
flag all;
}
static-label-switched-path path1 {
transit 1000123 {
next-hop 200.1.1.1;
swap 1000456;
}
}
static-label-switched-path path2 {
transit 1000111 {
next-hop 100.1.1.1;
swap 1000222;
}
}
interface fe-0/0/0.0 {
static {
protection-revert-time 0;
}
}
interface fe-0/0/1.0 {
static {
protection-revert-time 0;
}
}
}
}
security {
forwarding-options {
family {
mpls {
mode packet-based;
}
}
}
}
[edit]
root@Transit# run show route | no-more
inet.0: 4 destinations, 4 routes (4 active, 0 holddown, 0 hidden)
+ = Active Route, - = Last Active, * = Both
100.1.1.0/30 *[Direct/0] 00:50:48
> via fe-0/0/0.0
100.1.1.2/32 *[Local/0] 00:51:14
Local via fe-0/0/0.0
200.1.1.0/30 *[Direct/0] 00:49:56
> via fe-0/0/1.0
200.1.1.2/32 *[Local/0] 00:51:13
Local via fe-0/0/1.0
mpls.0: 5 destinations, 5 routes (5 active, 0 holddown, 0 hidden)
+ = Active Route, - = Last Active, * = Both
0 *[MPLS/0] 00:51:46, metric 1
Receive
1 *[MPLS/0] 00:51:46, metric 1
Receive
2 *[MPLS/0] 00:51:46, metric 1
Receive
1000111 *[MPLS/6] 00:05:24, metric 1
> to 100.1.1.1 via fe-0/0/0.0, Swap 1000222
1000123 *[MPLS/6] 00:49:56, metric 1
> to 200.1.1.1 via fe-0/0/1.0, Swap 1000456
[edit]
root@Transit# run show mpls static-lsp extensive
Ingress LSPs:
Total 0, displayed 0, Up 0, Down 0
Transit LSPs:
LSPname: path1, Incoming-label: 1000123
State: Up, Sub State: Traffic via primary but unprotected
Nexthop: 200.1.1.1 Via fe-0/0/1.0
LabelOperation: Swap, Outgoing-label: 1000456
Created: Fri Jan 21 02:41:08 2011
Bandwidth: 0 bps
Statistics: Packets 267, Bytes 16180
LSPname: path2, Incoming-label: 1000111
State: Up, Sub State: Traffic via primary but unprotected
Nexthop: 100.1.1.1 Via fe-0/0/0.0
LabelOperation: Swap, Outgoing-label: 1000222
Created: Fri Jan 21 03:27:30 2011
Bandwidth: 0 bps
Statistics: Packets 16, Bytes 1336
Total 2, displayed 2, Up 2, Down 0
Bypass LSPs:
Total 0, displayed 0, Up 0, Down 0
[edit]
Egress
root@Egress# show | no-more
## Last changed: 2011-01-20 21:26:30 UTC
version 10.4R1.9;
system {
host-name Egress;
root-authentication {
encrypted-password "$1$zBf6qAyP$Q9Emr5Fjyr464GRNb1tf31"; ## SECRET-DATA
}
}
interfaces {
ge-0/0/0 {
unit 0 {
family inet {
address 192.168.1.1/24;
}
family mpls;
}
}
ge-0/0/1 {
unit 0 {
family inet {
address 200.1.1.1/30;
}
family mpls;
}
}
}
routing-options {
static {
route 100.1.1.0/30 next-hop 200.1.1.2;
route 0.0.0.0/0 next-hop 192.168.1.100;
}
}
protocols {
mpls {
traffic-engineering bgp-igp;
static-label-switched-path path1 {
transit 1000456 {
next-hop 192.168.1.100;
pop;
}
}
static-label-switched-path path2 {
ingress {
next-hop 200.1.1.2;
to 10.20.30.5;
push 1000111;
}
}
interface ge-0/0/1.0;
interface ge-0/0/0.0;
}
}
security {
forwarding-options {
family {
mpls {
mode packet-based;
}
}
}
}
[edit]
root@Egress# run show route | no-more
inet.0: 7 destinations, 7 routes (7 active, 0 holddown, 0 hidden)
+ = Active Route, - = Last Active, * = Both
0.0.0.0/0 *[Static/5] 01:03:48
> to 192.168.1.100 via ge-0/0/0.0
10.20.30.5/32 *[MPLS/6/1] 00:20:15, metric 0
> to 200.1.1.2 via ge-0/0/1.0, Push 1000111
100.1.1.0/30 *[Static/5] 00:29:47
> to 200.1.1.2 via ge-0/0/1.0
192.168.1.0/24 *[Direct/0] 01:03:48
> via ge-0/0/0.0
192.168.1.1/32 *[Local/0] 01:03:52
Local via ge-0/0/0.0
200.1.1.0/30 *[Direct/0] 01:03:49
> via ge-0/0/1.0
200.1.1.1/32 *[Local/0] 01:03:52
Local via ge-0/0/1.0
mpls.0: 5 destinations, 5 routes (5 active, 0 holddown, 0 hidden)
+ = Active Route, - = Last Active, * = Both
0 *[MPLS/0] 01:05:10, metric 1
Receive
1 *[MPLS/0] 01:05:10, metric 1
Receive
2 *[MPLS/0] 01:05:10, metric 1
Receive
1000456 *[MPLS/6] 01:03:48, metric 1
> to 192.168.1.100 via ge-0/0/0.0, Pop
1000456(S=0) *[MPLS/6] 01:03:48, metric 1
> to 192.168.1.100 via ge-0/0/0.0, Pop
root@Egress# run show mpls static-lsp extensive
Ingress LSPs:
LSPname: path2, To: 10.20.30.5
State: Up
Nexthop: 200.1.1.2 Via ge-0/0/1.0
LabelOperation: Push, Outgoing-label: 1000111
Created: Thu Jan 20 21:26:27 2011
Bandwidth: 0 bps
Statistics: Packets 19, Bytes 1408
Total 1, displayed 1, Up 1, Down 0
Transit LSPs:
LSPname: path1, Incoming-label: 1000456
State: Up, Sub State: Traffic via primary but unprotected
Nexthop: 192.168.1.100 Via ge-0/0/0.0
LabelOperation: Pop
Created: Thu Jan 20 20:41:32 2011
Bandwidth: 0 bps
Statistics: Packets 273, Bytes 16156
Total 1, displayed 1, Up 1, Down 0
Bypass LSPs:
Total 0, displayed 0, Up 0, Down 0
[edit]
root@Egress# run traceroute 10.20.30.5
traceroute to 10.20.30.5 (10.20.30.5), 30 hops max, 40 byte packets
1 200.1.1.2 (200.1.1.2) 10.040 ms 4.406 ms 4.143 ms
MPLS Label=1000111 CoS=0 TTL=1 S=1
2 100.1.1.1 (100.1.1.1) 5.038 ms 4.568 ms 4.138 ms
MPLS Label=1000222 CoS=0 TTL=1 S=1
3 10.20.30.5 (10.20.30.5) 3.208 ms 2.632 ms 2.565 ms
