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Jenkins

Getting started with Essentials of Jenkins.

  • Jobs
  • Builds
  • Freestyle Project
  • Pipelines
  • Stages
  • Nodes
  • Plugins

Continuous Integration

Main > Feature Branch A > Commit > Pull Request > Review Approve > Merge > Manual Deploy > Production

Main > Feature Branch B > Commit > Pull Request > Review Approve > Merge > Manual Deploy > Production

Without CI, testing typically occurs later in the development cycle, mostly after multiple merges

Deploying code to staging and production relies on manual processes

With Continuous Integration,

  • Unit Testing

  • Dependecny Scan

  • Build Artifact

  • Code Scanning (Vulenrability scanning)

Main > Feature Branch A > Commit > Pull Request > Review Approve > CI > Merge > CI > Manual Deploy > Production

Main > Feature Branch B > Commit > Pull Request > Review Approve > CI > Merge > CI > Manual Deploy > Production

Continuous Deployment/ Continous Delivery

Main > Feature Branch A > Commit > Pull Request > Review Approve > CI > CD > Merge > CI > CD (Automatic Deployment) > Production

Main > Feature Branch B > Commit > Pull Request > Review Approve > CI > CD > Merge > CI > CD (Automatic Deployment) > Production

In Continuous Delivery, manual approval required as a safety net before deploying (automatically) to Production.

Jenkins Architecture

Controller Node

Worker Node

In basic deployments single node acting as both controller and worker nodes

In advanced deployments, separate controller and worker nodes (Linux/Windows)

Nodes communicate using SSH/JNLP (Java Network Launch Protocol)

Executors

Agents

Jenkins Installation

Requires JRE / JDK

Otherwise, installation fails with error : failed to find a valid java installation

JENKINS_HOME : /var/lib/jenkins

java -version

systemctl status jenkins

/var/lib/jenkins/secrets/initialAdminPassword

macOS Installers for Jenkins LTS

Jenkins can be installed using the Homebrew package manager. Homebrew formula: jenkins-lts This is a package supported by a third party which may be not as frequently updated as packages supported by the Jenkins project directly.

Sample commands:

  • Install the latest LTS version: brew install jenkins-lts
  • Start the Jenkins service: brew services start jenkins-lts
  • Restart the Jenkins service: brew services restart jenkins-lts
  • Update the Jenkins version: brew upgrade jenkins-lts

After starting the Jenkins service, browse to http://localhost:8080 and follow the instructions to complete the installation.

(base) pradeep:~$pwd
/Users/pradeep
(base) pradeep:~$brew install jenkins-lts
==> Auto-updating Homebrew...
Adjust how often this is run with HOMEBREW_AUTO_UPDATE_SECS or disable with
HOMEBREW_NO_AUTO_UPDATE. Hide these hints with HOMEBREW_NO_ENV_HINTS (see `man brew`).
==> Auto-updated Homebrew!
Updated 3 taps (hashicorp/tap, homebrew/core and homebrew/cask).
==> New Formulae
azqr                      kanata                    mkdocs-material           toml2json
decasify                  libtatsu                  pytest
==> New Casks
acronis-true-image-cleanup-tool    font-eldur                         lunatask
bobhelper                          font-recursive-desktop             neohtop
default-handler                    hyperconnect                       viz
djuced                             jet-pilot                          whimsical

You have 26 outdated formulae and 2 outdated casks installed.

==> Downloading https://ghcr.io/v2/homebrew/core/jenkins-lts/manifests/2.479.1
################################################################################################# 100.0%
==> Fetching dependencies for jenkins-lts: libpng, freetype, giflib, fontconfig, pcre2, python-packaging, mpdecimal, ca-certificates, openssl@3, readline, sqlite, xz, python@3.13, libunistring, gettext, glib, xorgproto, libxau, libxdmcp, libxcb, libx11, libxext, libxrender, lzo, pixman, cairo, graphite2, icu4c@76, harfbuzz, jpeg-turbo, lz4, zstd, libtiff, little-cms2 and openjdk@21
==> Downloading https://ghcr.io/v2/homebrew/core/libpng/manifests/1.6.44
################################################################################################# 100.0%

{snip}

==> Caveats
==> jenkins-lts
Note: When using launchctl the port will be 8080.

To start jenkins-lts now and restart at login:
  brew services start jenkins-lts
Or, if you don't want/need a background service you can just run:
  /usr/local/opt/openjdk@21/bin/java -Dmail.smtp.starttls.enable\=true -jar /usr/local/opt/jenkins-lts/libexec/jenkins.war --httpListenAddress\=127.0.0.1 --httpPort\=8080
==> azure-cli
zsh completions have been installed to:
  /usr/local/share/zsh/site-functions
(base) pradeep:~$


(base) pradeep:~$ brew services start jenkins-lts
==> Tapping homebrew/services
Cloning into '/usr/local/Homebrew/Library/Taps/homebrew/homebrew-services'...
remote: Enumerating objects: 3559, done.
remote: Counting objects: 100% (706/706), done.
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (280/280), done.
remote: Total 3559 (delta 488), reused 564 (delta 421), pack-reused 2853 (from 1)
Receiving objects: 100% (3559/3559), 1.02 MiB | 4.54 MiB/s, done.
Resolving deltas: 100% (1729/1729), done.
Tapped 2 commands (52 files, 1.2MB).
==> Successfully started `jenkins-lts` (label: homebrew.mxcl.jenkins-lts)
(base) pradeep:~$

Unlock Jenkins

To ensure Jenkins is securely set up by the administrator, a password has been written to the log (not sure where to find it?) and this file on the server:

/Users/pradeep/.jenkins/secrets/initialAdminPassword

Please copy the password from either location and paste it below.

(base) pradeep:~$cat /Users/pradeep/.jenkins/secrets/initialAdminPassword
484beebaf73f43be85306751773db9b6
(base) pradeep:~$

Customize Jenkins

​ Plugins extend Jenkins with additional features to support many different needs.

Build Steps

curl -s https://api.adviceslip.com/advice > advice.json
cat advice.json

/Users/pradeep/opt/anaconda3/bin/jq -r .slip.advice < advice.json > advice.message
[ $(wc -w < advice.message) -gt 5 ] && echo "Advice has more than 5 words" || (echo "Advice - $(cat advice.message) has 5 words" && exit 1)

cat advice.message | /usr/local/bin/cowsay

12:03:59 Started by user Pradeep Gadde

12:03:59 Running as SYSTEM
12:03:59 Building in workspace /Users/pradeep/.jenkins/workspace/Generate ASCII Artwork
12:03:59 [Generate ASCII Artwork] $ /bin/sh -xe /var/folders/cf/vzmh318x285f0c1sbsnm14m40000gn/T/jenkins8531345099182991739.sh
12:03:59 + curl -s https://api.adviceslip.com/advice
12:03:59 + cat advice.json
12:03:59 {"slip": { "id": 77, "advice": "Mercy is the better part of justice."}}+ /Users/pradeep/opt/anaconda3/bin/jq -r .slip.advice
12:03:59 ++ wc -w
12:03:59 + '[' 7 -gt 5 ']'
12:03:59 + echo 'Advice has more than 5 words'
12:03:59 Advice has more than 5 words
12:03:59 + cat advice.message
12:03:59 + /usr/local/bin/cowsay
12:04:00  ______________________________________ 
12:04:00 < Mercy is the better part of justice. >
12:04:00  -------------------------------------- 
12:04:00         \   ^__^
12:04:00          \  (oo)\_______
12:04:00             (__)\       )\/\
12:04:00                 ||----w |
12:04:00                 ||     ||
12:04:03 Finished: SUCCESS
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